6. The chromosphere of the sun a.is hotter than the photosphere. b.appears yellow-white in color during total solar eclipse. c. is the visible surface of the sun. d.produces an absorption spectrum. e.all of the above. answerA
7. Sunspots are known to be magnetic phenomena because a. Doppler shifts in spectral lines are observed. b. the Zeeman effect is observed in sunspots. c. collisional broadening is observed in spectral lines. d. infrared observations indicate that the sunspots are cooler than their surroundings. e. observations during eclipses reveal a very extensive photosphere. answerB 8. The sunspot cycle affects I. the latitude at which sunspots are visible at a given time. II. the number of sunspots that are visible at a given time. III.the rotation rate of the sun's equator at a given time. IV. the magnetic polarity of the sunspots at a given time. a. I & II b. I & IV c. II & III d. I, II, & III e. I, II, & IV answerE 9. The sun's magnetic field is evident in the looped shapes of a. solar flares. b. sunspots. c. the corona. d. granules. e. prominences. answerE
10. Sunspots are dark because a. regions of the photosphere are obscured by material in the chromosphere. b.shock waves move through the photosphere. c.the sun rotates differentially. d. the strong magnetic field inhibits the currents of hot gas rising from below. e.they radiate their energy into space faster than the rest of the photosphere. answerD 11. The centers of granules a. are hot material rising to the photosphere from below. b.are cool material falling from the photosphere to the regions below. c.are fainter and hotter than their surroundings. d. are brighter and cooler than their surroundings. e. show strong Zeeman effects. answerA 12. Spicules a. are found in the photosphere. b. are magnetic disturbances that push large loops of material off the solar surface. c. are responsible for twisting the solar magnetic field and causing the sunspot cycle. d. appear in the corona near the north and south poles of the sun during a total solar eclipse. e. are visible in filtergrams of the solar chromosphere. answerE 13. Which of the following is evidence that convection occurs in the layers just below the sun's photosphere? a. Sunspots appear to be cooler than their surroundings. b. Solar prominences lift large loops of gas into the chromosphere and corona. c. The solar wind emits large numbers of charged particles. d. The sun rotates differentially. e. The centers of granules are hot and moving away from the center of the sun. answerE Figure 7-1
14. The diagram in Figure 7-1 above shows a plot of the temperature of the sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere does the temperature of the sun change the most rapidly with distance? a. 1,000 km b. 2,300 km c. 2,500 km to 4,000 km d. 400 km e. a and c answerB 15. The diagram in Figure 7-1 above shows a plot of the temperature of the sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. What is the temperature of the sun at a distance of 2,000 km? a. 500 K b. 900 K c. 5,000 K d. 9,000 K e.100,000 K answerD 16. The diagram in Figure 7-1 above shows a plot of the temperature of the sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere is the temperature of the sun the smallest? a. 1000 km b. 2300 km c. 2500 km to 4000 km d. 500 km e. a and c answerD 17. As the moon covers the solar disk during a solar eclipse, a flash spectrum of the sun's chromosphere can be recorded. This flash spectrum reveals an emission spectrum and provides information on the properties of the chromosphere. As the moon moves from the inner chromosphere to the outer chromosphere, the spectral lines present in the flash spectrum change. What is going on in the chromosphere that produces the changes in the flash spectrum? I. The temperature of the chromosphere decreases as the distance from the photosphere increases. II. The temperature of the chromosphere increases as the distance from the photosphere increases. III. The density of the chromosphere decreases as the distance from the photosphere increases. IV. The density of the chromosphere increases as the distance from the photosphere increases. a. I & III b.I & IV c. II & III d. II & IV e. I answerC 18. A recent sunspot maximum occurred in 2001, what is the year of the sunspot maximum that immediately follows the 2001 maximum if the solar cycle continues? a. 2006 or 2007 b. 2012 c. 2018 d. 2023 e. the last cycle started a Maunder minimum and the next maximum cannot be predicted. answerB 19. __________ is (are) produced by atomic transitions in the presence of a strong magnetic field. a. Differential rotation b. Granules c. The Zeeman effect d. Spicules e. The coronal hole answerC 20. A __________ is believed to occur when energy, stored in a twist in the solar magnetic field above a sunspot, is suddenly released. a. solar flare b. supergranule c. spicule d. coronal hole e. none of the above answerA
21. Sunspots a. are cooler than their surroundings. b. are regions where material is rising from below the photosphere. c. are the result of convection. d. produce spicules. e. are generally found near the poles of the sun during sunspot maximum. answerA 22. The __________ is (are) the hot gases that are the moving extension of the sun's corona. a. spicules b.prominences c.flares d.supergranules e. solar wind answerE 23. The corona of the sun can be observed a. during a lunar eclipse. b. with a coronagraph. c. using filtergrams. d. a and b above e. with none of the above answerB 24. The proton-proton chain needs high temperature because a. of the ground state energy of the hydrogen atom. b. of the presence of helium atoms. c. the protons must overcome the Coulomb barrier. d. of the need for low density. e. the neutrinos carry more energy away than the reaction produces. answerC 25. Which of the following is suggested as the best explanation of the missing solar neutrinos? a. The sun is fusing helium but not hydrogen. b. Nuclear reactions do not produce neutrinos as fast as theory predicts. c. The sun may contain matter we haven't yet identified. d. Neutrinos may oscillate between three different flavors. e. None of the above answerD 26. In the proton-proton chain a. no neutrinos are produced. b. energy is released because a helium nucleus has a greater mass than a hydrogen nucleus. c. no photons are produced. d. carbon serves as a catalyst for the nuclear reaction. e. energy is produced in the form of gamma rays and the velocity of the created nuclei. answerE
27. The capture of too few solar neutrinos by Davis in the solar neutrino experiment a. has been disproved by the results of later experiments. b. can be explained if the sun is not undergoing thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen in its core. c. indicates that the sun's core is much hotter than expected. d. indicates that the sun's core is convective. e. none of the above answerE 28. The United States consumes 2.5 ´x1019 J of energy each year. A typical solar flare releases 5.0 ´ 1024 J of energy. How many years could we run the United States on the energy released by this solar flare if all of the released energy could be used? a. 5 x 10-6 years b. 200,000 years c.1.25 x 1044 years d. about 12 years e. 500 years answerB 29. If a sunspot has a temperature of 4,500 K and the surrounding solar surface has a temperature of 5,800 K, how many times brighter is the surface compared to the sunspot? a. 0.28 b. 0.36 c. 2.8 d. 3.6 e. 36 answerC 30. The intensity of a sunspot is found to be 3 times smaller than the intensity emitted by the solar surface. What is the approximate temperature of this sunspot if the temperature of the solar surface is 5800 K? a. 4400 K b. 470,000 K c. 1900 K d. 7600 K e. 1400 K answerA 31. If the spectrum of a sunspot shows that it has a maximum intensity at 650 nm, what is the temperature of the sunspot? a. 650 K b. 5000 K c. 1950 K d. 4600 K e.10,000 K answerD Completion Complete each sentence or statement. 32. Most of the light we see coming from the sun originates in the answerphotosphere__________. 33. The answercorona__________ of the sun is composed of ionized gas and produces a continuous spectrum with a superimposed emission spectrum. 34. The answerZeeman Effect__________ shows that sunspots are associated with magnetic activity. 35. The study of the oscillations of the surface and interior of the sun is known as answerheliosesmology__________. 36. The dynamo effect is believed to produce the answermagentic field __________ of the sun. 37. A(n) __________ answerneutrinois a subatomic particle produced in nuclear fusion that can travel through the sun and escape to space without interacting with any particles in the sun. True/False Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. answerT38. Most of the visible light from the sun originates in the photosphere. answerT39. In the sun, rising currents of hot gas below the photosphere cause granulation. answerF40. Helioseismology is the study of the differential rotation and magnetic field of the sun. answerF 41. A filtergram is used to study layers below the photosphere. answerT 42. The chromosphere of the sun has a higher temperature than the photosphere. answerT 43. The Zeeman effect shows that sunspots contain magnetic fields. answerF44. Sunspots are hotter than the photosphere. answerT45. The Babcock model employs differential rotation of the solar surface and a magnetic dynamo to describe the formation of sunspots. answerF46. Solar flares have no known effect on Earth. answerT 47. Solar prominences have twisted and looped shapes because of the solar magnetic field. answerF 48. The solar neutrino experiments detect about twice as many neutrinos as theory predicts should be detected.
Sun Earth Connection Test I Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: B 2. ANS: C OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz 3. ANS: B 4. ANS: D 5. ANS: D OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz 6. ANS: A 7. ANS: B 8. ANS: E 9. ANS: E 10. ANS: D 11. ANS: A 12. ANS: E 13. ANS: E OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz 14. ANS: B OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz 15. ANS: D 16. ANS: D 17. ANS: C 18. ANS: B 19. ANS: C 20. ANS: A 21. ANS: A 22. ANS: E OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz 23. ANS: B 24. ANS: C OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz 25. ANS: D OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz 26. ANS: E 27. ANS: E 28. ANS: B 29. ANS: C 30. ANS: A 31. ANS: D OBJ: TYPE: Web Quiz COMPLETION 32. ANS: photosphere 33. ANS: corona 34. ANS: Zeeman effect 35. ANS: helioseismology 36. ANS: magnetic field 37. ANS: neutrino TRUE/FALSE 38. ANS: T 39. ANS: T 40. ANS: F 41. ANS: F 42. ANS: T 43. ANS: T 44. ANS: F 45. ANS: T 46. ANS: F 47. ANS: T 48. ANS: F